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In triticale prolamins usually are codominantly inherited; it is possible to find in electrophoretic protein pattern all parental bands, both gliadins and secalins. However, as a result of interaction, new polypeptide units may occur, while other ones may disappear. Electrophoretic protein patterns were studied in the collection of 39 primary octoploid triticales obtained by crossing the Chinese Spring wheat with 39 rye inbred lines. The material was delivered by the Plant Genetics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences in Sankt-Petersburg. The protein electrophoresis was performed in 7.5% acrylamide gels, in pH 3.1...

The aim of this study was estimation of intra-cultivar variability of useful traits of 36 Polish winter triticale cultivars. For comparison, 2 winter wheat cultivars: Finezja and Soraja and 2 winter rye cultivars: Amilo and Warko were also included. The field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Field Station in Czesławice near Nałęczów. The cultivars were examined on unreplicated 2 m2 plots, at dense sowing. At full maturity 30 spikes of each object were chosen for biometric measurements...

Evaluation of determination of crop yield by yield-related traits is important in determining both the traits having influence on the yield variability and suitable criteria for breeding of high-yielding genotypes. This paper shows the basis of classical path analysis (established by S. Wright) as well as possibilities and examples of its using to evaluate determination of variability of yield by yield-related traits, that may have direct or indirect effects on crop yielding...

Evaluation of determination of cereals yield is important for determining, which yield-related traits influence yield variability, and what criteria should be taken in breeding of high-yielding genotypes. This paper shows the determination of spring barley yield by some yield-related traits. The analyses were conducted using two approaches: simple paths, in which we assume that all traits have direct effects on grain yield, and complex paths...

Analysis of genotype x environment interaction (G × E) is usually performed for individual genotypes (cultivars, breeding lines). Information obtained from the analysis, such as estimates of main effects and their interaction with environments, regression of interaction effects on environments, also refers to individual genotypes. The presented studies were aimed to analyze the G × E interaction for distinguished groups of genotypes and to assess the differences between them...

Variability of some quantitative morphological traits and RAPD markers was studied in spring barley doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained earlier in the Department of Quantitative Genetics (Institute of Plant Genetics in Poznań) with use of the Hordeum bulbosum method. Twenty lines were derived after mutagenic treatment of seed set on F1 hybrids between the two-rowed cultivar Maresi and the six-rowed one Klimek. Another twenty lines produced from the same F1 material without mutagens served as the control...

The effects of active substances contained in fungicides on spring barley cultivars of diversified genetic base of resistance to barley powdery mildew were evaluated. In the years 2006–2007, field experiments were set up at two locations in three variants of fungicide usage, and the same cultivars were sown in a control variant. The fungicides applied in the experiment contained the following active substances: fenpropimorph, spiroxamine and proquinazid. The cultivars represented four sources of resistance: Mlo, Ly, Ar and We...

In three series of experiments conducted in the years 2004–2006 germination of seeds of three naked oat cultivars (Akt, Cacko and Polar) and two hulled oat cultivars (Bajka and Skrzat) was investigated at the following temperatures: 10, 15, 20 and 25°C. On the basis of observations collected at intervals of 24 hours germinabilty of the seeds, mean germination time and dynamics of germination were estimated. In most cases the germinability of seeds exceeded 95%, sporadic fluctuations in value of this index were caused by seasonal variability, evaluation date and conditions during seeds incubation...

The paper presents a multivariate approach to estimation and testing the significance of combining ability effects of winter oilseed rape doubled haploid lines (DH lines). The statistical methods have been used to evaluate DH lines on the basis of observations of hybrids obtained from the line × tester crossing scheme. Multivariate effects of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability were calculated for 7 DH lines and 4 testers...

This study aimed to estimate genetic similarity (GS) and relationships between molecular markers and phenotypic traits and between molecular markers and genotype. The investigations included progenies of 31 volunteers collected from winter oilseed rape fields in the growing season 2005/2006. The plantations were selected in three Voivodships in northern Poland. Winter oilseed rape cultivars Californium, Castille, Lisek, Rasmus, cultivated in the fields of origin of volunteers, and winter turnip rape (B. campestris) Ludowy were chosen as standards...

The objectives of this research were: (1) to characterize the variation of the pool of potato breeding lines in respect to the mass of sprouts developed during storage season, (2) to determine if variation for the above mentioned trait exists among half-sib progenies in breeding population selected for processing quality. The experimental material consisted of eighty-one genotypes (72 breeding lines and 9 control cultivars) that were tested in two replications in a completely random design. Mass of sprouts on four-kilogram samples of marketable tubers was recorded after four months of storage at 5–6°C and 75% RH.

Globe artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) is a species native to the Mediterranean basin and up to now not widely known in Poland because of insufficient low temperatures resistance. At present many new cultivars adapted to different climate conditions are accessible. It brings a better chance for this species diffusion in Poland. The aim of the study was to estimate the earliness of some cultivars, weight of buds and its variability, and to analyze a correlation between earliness and shape of plants...

Variance of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability, genetic and environmental components of phenotypic variation and heritability coefficients of yield components in linseed were estimated using F2 hybrids obtained from diallelic crosses of several geographically diverse cultivars. The GCA of varieties differed significantly for all the analyzed traits, the SCA —for plant height and 1000 seeds weight, and the reciprocal effects — for the number of capsules per plant and 1000 seed weight...

Apart from many advantageous features, such as high tolerance to abiotic stresses, grasspea is characterized by a few undesirable traits that limit its broader use in Polish agriculture. Genetic improvement of this crop with mutation breeding can be a valuable supplement to conventional plant breeding methods to create additional genetic variability that may be utilized by plant breeders. The present studies deal with grasspea mutants obtained from seeds of two Polish cultivars Derek and Krab treated with different doses of chemomutagens...

In this study five strawberry parental forms and F1 hybrids obtained from diallel crossing performed according to Griffings method III (with the effects of reciprocal crosses without inbred) were evaluated. The progeny (20 hybrids) and parental forms were planted in the field in a completely randomized block design (4 replicates, 30 plants in each plot). The aim of the study was to assess the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities and the effects of reciprocal crosses (RE) in five strawberry cultivars...

Results of studies on determination of blackcurrant fruit yield per plant by two multiplicative yield components (number of fruits per plant and mean fruit weight) are presented. The genetic as well as joint environmental and individual variability was considered. A field experiment with 14 genotypes (15 plants per genotype) was established at the Experimental Orchard of the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture (RIPF) in Dąbrowice, near Skierniewice, in 1996...

The effects of three herbicides: Aminopielik D 3 l*ha-1, Chwastox D 5 l*h-1 and Granstar 75DF 30 g*ha-1 on weeds in winter wheat cv. Elena and spring wheat cv. Torka were assessed. The experiments were conducted in four replications on degraded chernozem classified as good wheat soil complex, using the completely randomized block design. Weed species composition, number of weeds and their air dry matter per 1 m2 of plot were evaluated...

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of CCC on yield components in common wheat cv. Bezostaya isogenic lines: Rht-B1a (tall — control form), Rht-B1b, Rht-B1d and Rht-B1e. The lines were examined in the years 2000/2001–2002/2003 at the Experimental Station of Czesławice. The obtained results were subjected to analysis of variance. On the basis of three-years long experiment we showed that application of CCC caused plants height reduction in analysed isogenic lines...

A field experiment with two spring barley cultivars (Rasbet — with hulled grain and Rastik with hulless grain) was conducted at the Experimental Station of Warsaw Agricultural University in Chylice in the years 1999–2002. Correlation coefficient analysis and path coefficients analysis was applied for evaluation of grain yield determination by its components...

Genetic resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei) of 20 cultivars of winter barley and of 55cultivars of spring barley from Polish Registration trials 2004–2006 is presented. All the winter barley cultivars have one or more genes for resistance in loci Mlra, Mla6, Mla7, Mla7(Ab), MlSt, Ml(SI-1), Mlh, Mlk, and six unknown genes were detected...

The aim of this study was estimation of genotypic diversity of 22 Polish winter triticale cultivars based on RAPD markers. The estimation of intercultivar polymorphism was carried out basing on 15 RAPD primers, which were selected among 48 primers tested on 5 winter triticale genotypes. The chosen oligonucleotides generated 135 fragments of DNA, 87 of them (64.44%) were polymorphic...

Different methods of pre-planting treatment of seed potato tubers were compared in the investigations carried out on two potato cultivars in the years 2005–2007: (i) presprouting in light at 15°C for 4 wks, (ii) maintenance of seed tubers at 22°C for 7 days in darkness followed by exposure of the tubers to 15°C in light — the treatment resulting in thermal shock, and (iii) control variant — tubers not treated...

The aim of the study was to estimate linuron and MCPA residues in soil and potato plants. The investigations were carried out in 2005–2007 on plantations, where 2 cultivars: Drop —very early and Bryza — mid late were cultivated. For weed control, herbicides Linurex 500 SC (a.i. linuron) at a dose of 2.0 l/ha and Chwastox Extra 300 SL (a.i. MCPA) at a dose of 4.0 l/ha were applied at the pre-emergency stage of the crop...

Five foreign potato cultivars: Banba, Calla, Magda, Nancy and Orbit, showing field resistance to pathotype 1 (D1) of Synchytrium endobioticum, were assessed for their resistance to this pathotype under laboratory conditions using comparatively the Glynne-Lemmerzahls method and the Spieckermanns test. When the Glynne-Lemmerzahls method was applied, cvs Banba and Calla were assessed as weakly resistant (ranks from 0 to II/III)...

The experiment aimed to determine the impact of sodium on the yield and some quality parameters of sugar beet roots were carried out at the crop cultivation hall of the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz. The following quality parameters were estimated: polarization, potassium and sodium content, alpha-amino nitrogen content, alkalinity coefficient, Brunswick formula, saccharose losses in the molasses, and biological and recoverable sugar yield. A sugar beet variety Lupus coming from the Strube-Dieckmann breeding company was used in the study...

A procedure used for purification of antibodies from serum has a significant effect upon their quality and therapy their suitability for diagnostic tests. The commonly used approaches include: (i) ion-exchange chromatography (both on anion and cation exchangers, depending on conditions applied) and (ii) affinity chromatography (on resins charged with the protein A or with the specific antigen)...

The common bean is characterized by a high nutritive value. Its seeds contain a valuable protein showing a favourable composition of essential amino acids. Like in the case of other plants, the height and quality of bean yield depended on fertilization with macro-and microelements. Microelements positively affect the absorption of nutrients and intensify physiological processes in plants...

The strict 2-factor field experiment was carried out in 2004–2007 at the Mochełek Experiment Station of Bydgoszcz University of Technology and Life Sciences. The first factor constituted four nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N∙ha-1) applied before faba bean sowing in ammonium nitrate containing 50% of N-NO3 and N-NH4. At 8–10 leaves stage, at plant budding and at the beginning and before the end of flowering..

In recent years problems related to damage caused by game in agricultural crop stands are becoming more and more pertinent. This situation is related to the fact of increased populations of certain game species and to intensive changes in habitat conditions, both in forest and in agricultural phytocenoses. In potato growing, the basic types of such damage are pocket- and point-type damages to ridges, caused mainly by wild boars...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of accompanying species and nitrogen fertilization on the rate of photosynthesis and transpiration, water use efficiency and leaf greenness values of Lotus corniculatus L. grown in mixtures with Festulolium or Festuca pratensis L. under variable weather conditions. A field experiment was conducted over 2004–2006...

Eight Polish and foreign cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as well as one cultivar of chewing fescue (Festuca rubra L. ssp. commutata Gaud.) and one cultivar of tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) P. Beauv.) used as standards were tested under temporary shading vs. full irradiance in the years 2000–2003. The experiments were conducted under intensive turf maintenance practices. The cultivars were evaluated for visual merit and sward density in spring, summer and autumn, and for their post-winter susceptibility to snow mould...

Thirty-three cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) originating from Europe and US and fifty ecotypes from Poland were tested under low maintenance turf in the years 2003–2005. They were evaluated for: visual merit, sward density in three seasons (spring, summer and autumn), resistance to natural infection by fungi and persistence after three years of turf maintenance...

The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of competitiveness with weeds of some currently cultivated winter wheat varieties and those withdrawn from the variety register, grown in organic system. The investigations were carried out in the years 2005–2006 at the Experimental Station of the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation — State Research Institute in Osiny (Lublin region) in the field used in an organic crop production system since 1994. The following currently registered winter wheat varieties were grown: Sukces, Zyta, Kobra, Roma, Mewa, and Korweta. The “old” varieties were represented by: Kujawianka Więcławicka, Wysokolitewka Sztywnosłoma, Ostka Kazimierska and spelt wheat: var. Schwabenkorn (2005) and R-12 (2006)...

The aim of this work was to evaluate sowing value including vigour test of cereal seeds produced under organic system. Additionally, the effects of natural seed treatment on seed sowing value, vigour parameters and field emergence were tested. Seeds of spring barley, oats and wheat from the harvests of 2004, 2005 and 2006 constituted the experimental material...

The experimental data from pre-registration experiments with advanced barley breeding lines, conducted in 2003–2006, were analyzed. Grain yield was compared in 11 series of experiments carried out in 6 localities. The data were processed using SERGEN software. Statistical analysis was performed with the aim to study the genotype-environmental interaction with a special attention paid to characterization of localities...

156 doubled haploid (DH) lines of winter triticale were produced from the crosses between 35 mother forms and 12 father forms. The lines were tested in two replications at two localizations (stations): Choryń and Sobiejuchy. Based on the results obtained, the usefulness of parental forms was estimated. The best mother form at the Choryń station was variety Dinaro, and at Sobiejuchy — the hybrid (FidelioxDED389/95)...

This work presents the results of investigations conducted in 1999–2003 to evaluate the after-effect of catch crop and straw on productive — economic effects of winter triticale cultivation. Two experimental variants were applied: I. catch crop fertilization: control object (without catch crop), red clover, red clover + Italian ryegrass, phacelia, phacelia-mulch; II. — straw fertilization: subblock without straw, subblock with straw...

The investigations were conducted in the years 2005–2006 to evaluate the response of new varieties of spring triticale to the sowing time at different sowing rates. The yield of var. Dublet (CHD 503) was not significantly affected by the 10-day delay in sowing date, whereas that of var. MAH 3003 was evidently lower under the same conditions...

The aim of this study was the analysis of genetic similarity among Secale species. The plant material included: Secale cereale subsp. afghanicum, Secale cereale subsp. dighoricum, Secale cereale subsp. segetale, Secale strictum subsp. africanum, Secale strictum subsp. anatolicum, Secale strictum subsp. ciliatoglume, Secale strictum subsp. kuprijanovii, Secale strictum, Secale sylvestre and Secale vavilovii...

The investigations were carried out in 2004–2006 in the plots of Plant Breeding Station in Kopaszewo. Disease symptoms were recorded in each vegetation season at the hard dough stage (87 in the Tottman scale (1987)). The percentage of diseased stems ranged from 32 (Rajtar) to 85% (Deresz) in 2004, from 44 (Gniady) to 93% (Breton) in 2005, and from 8 (Cwał) to 34.5% (Rajtar) in 2006...